Computer-based comparison of human individuals

ABSTRACT

A test person is compared to a reference person by comparing detailed information regarding the configuration, capabilities and usage of computers—such as installed hardware devices, makes and models and firmware versions of such hardware devices, installed software, versions of installed software, and usage logs—used by the respective individuals. In effect, each person&#39;s computer is considered a proxy for the person herself, representing countless purchasing, maintenance, pastime choices in the configuration and use of a thoroughly complex personal and professional tool.

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.61/601,010, which was filed Feb. 20, 2012, and which is fullyincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to computer network servicesand, more particularly, to methods of and systems for computer-basedcomparison of human individuals.

2. Description of the Related Art

Generally, people prefer to be well-informed when making decisions.Hiring decisions, in particular, can be very difficult becausepersonalities are complex and can be very difficult to understand. It isespecially challenging to predict a prospective employee's capacity toperform the requirements of a particular job based on informationcontained in a self-serving resume and whatever the interviewer mayglean from a personal interview. From time to time, however, employersroll the dice and choose a candidate for a professional role with anappreciable degree of uncertainty. The same difficulties exist outsidethe workplace when anyone needs to hire an expert such as a doctor, alawyer, a mechanic, or some other professional. Even in socialnetworking, when choosing people as friends or for other relationships,the choice is often influenced by a hunch as much as by intimateknowledge of facts.

Of course, computers provide tremendous advantages in making quick andaccurate decisions based on large numbers of facts. However, facts aboutpeople tend to be superficial, at best, and also largely confidential.Facts tend to be superficial in that the facts are often demographic innature or representing public affiliations that say little, if anything,about a person. Such public affiliations can include things likeprofessional and academic associations, activity club memberships andparticipation in public forums or with various interest groups.

As information about a person becomes more closely tied to theindividual, the information becomes more private and privacy concernsinterfere with the ability to make a more complete assessment of theperson.

What is needed is a computer-based technique for assessing a humanpersonality by comparison of his or her attributes to those of anotherknown person in such a way that protects the privacy of the peopleinvolved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, a test person is compared to areference person by comparing detailed information regarding theconfiguration, capabilities and usage of computers used by therespective individuals. In effect, each person's computer is considereda proxy for the person herself, representing countless purchasing,maintenance, pastime choices in the configuration and use of athoroughly complex personal and professional tool.

The information gathered for each computer includes configuration andcapability data, including (i) hardware components such as installedhardware devices, makes and models and firmware versions of suchhardware devices, (ii) hardware configuration such as system dataspecifying that the hardware components are to behave in a particularway, (iii) software components such as installed software, versions ofinstalled software, (iv) software configuration such as system menuorganization and software settings, and (v) usage data such as usagelogs and usage histories. Typically, hardware and software componentsand configuration of a computer is not a privacy concern for the user.

The data can be gathered from each user's computer locally or bycooperation with a server computer for which the user's computer is aremotely located networked client computer. Information provided by thegathered data is used to create a profile of the capabilities and usageof the known user's computer in relation to that of a target computerprofile previously created from data gathered from the computer of thepreselected individual.

This comparison enables better-informed decisions about the unknownuser, which, in one embodiment can be helpful in making hiring decisionswhere the unknown user is a job applicant and the previously selectedindividual is a highly regarded employee. In other embodimentscapabilities and usage profile of the user's computer is compared toprofiles other than work-related profiles, including desirable profilesas well as undesirable or unsuitable profiles.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the invention will beor will become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination ofthe following figures and detailed description. It is intended that allsuch additional systems, methods, features and advantages be includedwithin this description, be within the scope of the invention, and beprotected by the accompanying claims. Component parts shown in thedrawings are not necessarily to scale, and may be exaggerated to betterillustrate the important features of the invention. In the drawings,like reference numerals may designate like parts throughout thedifferent views, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a client computer device and a servercomputer that cooperate to create a profile of the capabilities andusage of the client computer in accordance with one embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 2 is a transaction flow diagram illustrating the manner in whichthe remotely located client computer and server computer of FIG. 1cooperate to create a profile of the capabilities and usage of theclient computer in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a logic flow diagram illustrating a step of the transactionflow diagram of FIG. 2 in greater detail.

FIG. 4 is a logic flow diagram illustrating a manner in which the servercomputer compares a profile of the capabilities and usage of the clientcomputer device to a profile of a reference computer device to provide ameasure of similarity between the client computer device and thereference computer device.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing in greater detail the server computerof FIG. 1, including computer profile data.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing in greater detail the remotely locatedclient computer of FIG. 1, including data relating to its capabilitiesand usage.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a profile of the capabilities and usage ofa remotely located client computer in accordance with one embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a correlation record used by the servercomputer that controls the manner in which the server computer comparesa profile of the client computer's capabilities and usage in accordancewith one embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In accordance with the present invention, data collected from a computeris used to create a profile of its capabilities and usage to compare itsuser to a preselected individual. The data can be collected from thecomputer locally or by cooperation with a server computer for which theuser's computer is a remotely located networked client computer. In anembodiment where the computer to be profiled is remotely located, suchas client computer device 102, server 106 uses (i) the data it receivesrepresenting the capabilities and usage of client computer device 102and (ii) a reference profile of the capabilities and usage of thecomputer of a preselected reference individual, to compare the user ofclient computer device 102 to the reference individual.

Client computer device 102 can be any of a number of types of computerdevices, including smartphones, tablets, netbooks, laptops, anddesktops. Computer devices are work tools and it is believed thatindividuals with similar work habits use their work tools in similarmanners. Accordingly, computer devices having similar configurations,capabilities, and usage are a strong indicator that their respectiveusers have similar work habits. Beyond work habits and work tools,computer devices are also used for personal activities and are thereforealso good indicators of similarities of individuals in contexts otherthan work.

Sources of the information gathered from client computer device 102include data provided by hardware devices installed, systemconfiguration files, and records of the user's usage, including networkactivity. Hardware, including computer chips, storage devices, phonecomponents, user input/output devices, cables, and audio components ofsmartphones, netbooks, tablets, laptops and desktop varies significantlyby price, function and capability. While these variations certainly arefound between categories of computers, these variations are alsosignificant within a given category of computer. Software found onvarious computer devices also varies significantly by price, functionand capability and according to computer device category as well aswithin each category. Such software includes operating systems, browsersand mini-browsers, games, work-related programs including software usedby various professionals, music, and photo and video editors among manyother possible capabilities. Records of network activity includebookmarks, downloads, history of web sites visited and the number ofvisits to each site.

The possible variations in hardware and software are so great that it isunlikely that two computer devices within the same computer devicecategory—for example, two laptops—which happen to have exactly the samehardware and software components when new will continue to do so forvery long. As a result, a client computer device with components thatare very similar to those of computer device of a preselected, referenceindividual is quite significant. And, just as with the hardware andsoftware of the client computer device, records of local and networkactivity of the user of a client computer device that are closelysimilar to those of the computer used by the reference individual alsocan be expected to infer that the user has very similar personalcharacteristics to those of the reference individual.

In a manner described more completely below, in a work-related exampleserver 106 processes the system information collected by client computerdevice 102 from its hardware and software configurations and use recordsand creates a profile of the user's computer. The created profileenables server 106 to compare the profile of client computer device 102to a reference profile, e.g., the profile of a reference computer deviceof a reference individual which was stored previously on server 106. Inan illustrative example of an embodiment of the invention, the referenceindividual is a highly regarded employee of a company considering hiringthe user of client computer device 102.

As shown in FIG. 1, client computer device 102 and server 106communicate with one another through a wide area network 104, which isthe Internet in this illustrative example. Also in this illustrativeexample, the user of client computer device 102 is a job applicant whohas installed on client computer device 102 human resources softwarefrom the company to which the user is applying for a job. As describedbelow, the human resources software can be received from server 106 in anetwork transaction and can use one or more browser plugins to completethe task. The human resources software gathers system information aboutclient computer device 102 in the form of data relating to itscapabilities and its usage. When the applicant uses remotely locatedclient computer device 102 to send a request to a human resources pageprovided by server 106, server 106 asks client computer device 102 tosend the system information to server 106, which is used by theprospective employer of the user of client computer device 102.

Transaction flow diagram 200 (FIG. 2) represents the manner in whichclient computer device 102 and server 106 cooperate to compare a profileof client computer device 102 to a reference profiles to thereby comparethe user of client computer device 102 to a reference individual inaccordance with the present invention.

In step 202, client computer device 102 sends a request for a specificweb page to server 106, such as a human resources web page for example.The request can be in the form of a URL specified by the user of clientcomputer 102 using a web browser 620 (FIG. 6) executing in clientcomputer device 102 and conventional user interface techniques. Webbrowser 620 and user input devices and other components of clientcomputer device 102 are described in greater detail below.

In step 204 (FIG. 2), server 106 sends a web page that is identified bythe request received in step 202. The web page sent to client computerdevice 102 includes content that causes web browser 620 of clientcomputer device 102 to generate in step 206 a device profile of theconfiguration, capabilities and usage, including hardware and softwarecomponents and configuration and local and network activity, for clientcomputer device 102 from system information 630 (FIG. 6). In oneembodiment, a web browser plug-in 622C is installed in client computerdevice 102 and, invoked by web browser 620, generates the capabilitiesand usage of client computer device 102 from system information 630.

Other items of system information can be requested of hardwarecomponents of client computer device 102 and included in systeminformation 630. For example, models and capabilities of storage devicesand graphics devices can be retrieved from the storage devices andgraphics devices themselves as needed. Such querying of hardwarecomponents of a computer is known and not described herein.

In addition to hardware components and installed software of clientcomputer 102, system information 630 can include software stored inclient computer device 102 that is not yet installed. Such nascentsoftware can be identified as files stored in a file system of clientcomputer device 102. Other contents of the file system of clientcomputer device 102 can be included in personal information 630. Forexample, music, video, and other media stored in a computer can beindicative of personal characteristics of the user. Records of networkactivity on client computer device 102 which include dates can be usedto also track changes in network activity, affecting the profile of theuser.

The various elements of client computer device 102 and their interactionare described more completely below. In addition, step 206 is describedmore completely below with respect to logic flow diagram for step 206(FIG. 3).

In step 208 (FIG. 2), client computer device 102 sends to server 106device profile generated in step 206 including the capabilities andusage of client computer device 102.

In step 210, server 106 compares the one or more characteristics of theprofile of client computer device 102 from the system informationreceived to a reference computer device profile in step 208. The resultof such comparison is a measure of correlation between client computerdevice 102 and a reference computer device and, therefore, a measure ofcorrelation between the user of client computer device 102 and the userof a reference computer device. Step 210 is described in greater detailbelow in conjunction with logic flow diagram 210 (FIG. 4).

As described above, client computer device 102 generates a record of itscapabilities and usage from system information 630 (FIG. 6) in step 206(FIG. 2), and step 206 is shown in greater detail as logic flow diagram206 (FIG. 3). In this illustrative embodiment, step 206 is performed byweb browser plug-in 622C (FIG. 6).

In step 302 (FIG. 3), web browser plug-in 622C collects informationrelating to the capabilities and usage of computer client device 102from system information 630, which includes a number of items of networkactivity and the hardware and software of client computer device 102,each having a type and a value. Item types can include generally anytype of network and local activity and hardware and software informationstored on client computer device 102 and used by web browser 620 (FIG.6), including client computer device 102's browsing history, downloads,bookmarks, computer chips, user interface, display screen, networkaccess circuitry or configuration, memory cards, audio components, webbrowser or web mini-browser, games, professional software, music, andphoto editing and video editing software as examples. Such itemsrepresent user activity on client computer device 102 and systemconfiguration choices of the user, either made directly or madeindirectly in the original purchase decision, and are indicative ofsubjective needs and preferences of the user.

Loop step 304 and next step 312 define a loop in which web browserplug-in 622C processes each item of system information 630 in accordancewith steps 306-310. The particular item of system information 630processed by web browser plug-in 622C during each iteration of the loopof steps 304-312, is sometimes referred to herein as “the subject item.”

In step 306, web browser plug-in 622C forms a reversible hash of eachdata element of the subject item. Each data element of the subject itemis hashed by web browser plug-in 622C to hide system information duringtransport through wide area network 104 (FIG. 1). In particular, itemtype 704 (FIG. 7) of system information item record 702 is a hash of thetype of the subject item, and value 706 is a hash of the value of thesubject item.

In step 308, web browser plug-in 622C packages all the reversible hashesof data elements of the subject item into a single, reversible hashrepresenting the subject item in its entirety. Web browser plug-in 622Cforms system information item record 702 as a hash of item type 704 andvalue 706 in this illustrative embodiment.

In step 310, web browser plug-in 622C adds the hash created in step 308to an accumulation of data item hashes. The accumulation of data itemhashes is the hashed capabilities and usage information of clientcomputer device 102 sent to server 106 in step 208.

Once all of the system information items 630 (FIG. 6) have beenprocessed by web browser plug-in 622C according to the loop of steps304-312 (FIG. 3), processing according to logic flow diagram 206, andtherefore step 206 (FIG. 2), completes. The resulting profile ofcapabilities and usage is an accumulation of hashes that representmultiple items of system information stored on client device 102.

As described above, server 106 (FIG. 1) compares the profile of theuser's computer device in step 210 to a reference profile. This is shownin greater detail as logic flow diagram 210 (FIG. 4). The systeminformation is stored by server 106 as client device data record 700(FIG. 7) in system information data 530 (FIG. 5). The reference profileis a profile of a computer device used by a reference person to whichthe user of client computer device 102 is to be compared. In thisillustrative example of evaluating an potential employee, the referenceprofile can be a profile of a computer device used by a particularlygood and valued employee or by a particularly bad and troublesomeemployee. A high degree of correlation with a good employee indicatesthe potential employee should be hired while a high degree ofcorrelation with a bad employee indicates the contrary.

In step 402 (FIG. 4), device profile logic 524 parses individualreversible hashes representing whole, individual items of systeminformation from system information data 530 and parses the reversiblehashes of individual data items from each of the parsed reversiblehashes.

In step 404, device profile logic 524 initializes a correlation scorerepresenting a measure of correlation between the profile of computerdevice 102 and the reference profile. In particular, device profilelogic 524 initializes the correlation score to indicate no direct orinverse correlation.

Loop step 406 and next step 414 define a loop in which device profilelogic 524 processes each system information item record 702 (FIG. 7) ofclient device data record 700 according to steps 408-412 (FIG. 4).During each iteration of the loop of steps 406-414, the particularsystem information item processed by device profile logic 524 issometimes referred to as “the subject system information item” in thecontext of logic flow diagram 210. In the same context, systeminformation record 702 represents the subject system information item.In particular, item type 704 and value 706 represent the type and value,respectively, of the subject system information item.

In loop step 408, device profile logic 524 identifies one or morematching correlation item records, such as correlation record 800 (FIG.8), for the subject system information item. While correlation can bemeasured by direct numerical and textual comparison of value 706 forsystem information records 702 of respective profiles that matchexactly, correlation record 800 allows greater flexibility inrecognizing similar but not perfectly matched items of systeminformation. Correlation record 800 matches the system information itemrepresented by system information item record 702 (FIG. 7) if item type704 and item type 802 (FIG. 8) are the same and application of testvalue 804 to value 706 with test operator 806 yields a “true” result.

It may be helpful to consider the following example. Suppose, forexample, that item type 702 specifies that professional softwareresident on client computer device 102, test value 804 specifies aregular expression, and test operator 806 specifies a regular expressionmatch operation. Target profile record 800 would then match systeminformation item record 702 if item type 704 indicates the professionalsoftware and value 706, e.g., representing the name and/or version ofthe professional software, is matched by the regular expression of testvalue 804.

For each matching correlation record for the subject system informationitem, processing by device profile logic 524 transfers from loop step408 to step 410.

In step 410, device profile logic 524 adjusts the correlation scoreaccording to similarity 808 (FIG. 8) of the matching correlation record.Reference value 810 represents a value 706 (FIG. 7) of a correspondingsystem information record of the reference profile, e.g., a systeminformation record having a item type 704 that matches the item type ofthe profile of client computer device 102. Reference operator 812specifies an operation by which reference value 810 is determined tomatch a value 706 of the reference profile. Reference value 810 andreference operator 812 specify which values of the reference profilematch in an analogous manner that test value 814 and test operator 806specify which values match as described above. Correlation adjustment814 represents an amount by which the correlation score is adjusted.

It may be helpful to consider the following example. Suppose that thesubject system information item is a graphics card installed in clientcomputer device 102. In the profile of client computer device 102, itemtype 704 can specify that the subject system information item (e.g.,represented by system information record 702) represents an installedgraphics card. In addition, value 706 can specify the make of, model of,and the version and revision of firmware installed in the graphics cardof client computer device 102.

Item type 802 (FIG. 8), test value 804, and test operator 806 ofcorrelation record 800 collectively determine whether correlation record800 matches the subject system information item. For example,correlation record 800 can match graphics card system information itemsfor a given make and model of graphics card with at least apredetermined version of firmware installed. In this illustrativeexample, the graphics card is a high-end graphics card and the firmwareversion indicates that the firmware has been updated recently.Accordingly, the user of client computer device 102 is presumed to valuehigh performance in computer graphics rendering and to be conscientiousabout maintaining that performance by keeping the firmware up-to-date.In addition, the user can be presumed to be reasonably skilled incomputer maintenance as the user has upgraded hardware firmware,something that not many computer users do on a regular basis.

The reference profile may or may not have exactly the same make andmodel of graphics card of the make and model with the appropriateversion of firmware installed, but similarities 808 allow other makesand models of graphics cards to be considered similar and to thereforeinfluence the correlation score. In this illustrative example, thereference profile includes an item of system information representing adifferent graphics card, but one that is also high-end and that hasrecently updated firmware. Reference value 810 and reference operator812 collectively specify that this system information item matchessimilarity 808 and a system information record 702 matched by item type802, test value 804, and test operator 806 correlates by a measureindicated in correlation adjustment 814.

In some embodiments, correlation adjustment 814 can be negative,suggesting inverse correlation. For example, if the reference computerdevice included a low-end, OEM graphics chip set in which the firmwarehas never been updated, correlation adjustment 814 can be negative toindicate that, not only is client computer device 102 not similar to thereference computer device, client computer device 102 is actuallydifferent from the reference computer device in a substantial way.

There may, of course, be many different items of system information thatsuggest professional interests, including work-related software, andvarious work-related web sites, each of which is considered to suggest aprofessional focus. Some items will have far more weight as anidentifier of professional interests than others in light of thework-related reference profile of the highly regarded employee, which isthe desired profile. As an example, if the reference profile is one witha large record of visits to the online edition of Oil and Gas Journal,any visits found on client computer device 102 to the same journal willbe given significant weight in the profile created of client computerdevice 102. Many items may require careful adjustments to improveaccuracy of comparison with the reference profile.

When the loop process 406-414 is complete because there are no moresystem information items to compare to the reference profile andtherefore no further adjustments to be made to the correlation score,processing by device profile logic 524 according to logic flow diagram210, and therefore step 210 (FIG. 2), completes. The final correlationscore is the result of cumulative adjustments made to the correlationscore initialized as neutral in step 404.

The resulting correlation score represents a degree of similaritybetween computer devices of two people and is therefore representativeof a measure of similarity between the users of those computer devices.

Server computer 106 is shown in greater detail in FIG. 5. Server 106includes one or more microprocessors (collectively referred to as CPU502) that retrieve data and/or instructions from memory 504 and executeretrieved instructions in a conventional manner. Memory 504 can includegenerally any computer-readable medium including, for example,persistent memory such as magnetic and/or optical disks, ROM, and PROMand volatile memory such as RAM.

CPU 502 and memory 504 are connected to one another through aconventional interconnect 506, which is a bus in this illustrativeembodiment and which connects CPU 602 and memory 504 to network accesscircuitry 512. Network access circuitry 512 sends and receives datathrough computer networks such as wide area network 104 (FIG. 1).

A number of components of server 106 are stored in memory 504. Inparticular, web server logic 520 and web application logic 522,including device profile logic 524, are all or part of one or morecomputer processes executing within CPU 602 from memory 504 in thisillustrative embodiment but can also be implemented using digital logiccircuitry.

Web server logic 520 is a conventional web server. Web application logic522 is content that defines one or more pages of a web site and isserved by web server logic 520 to client devices such as client computerdevice 102. The one or more pages of a web site served by webapplication logic 522 can include both static and dynamic content. Thedynamic content is to be executed by web browser 620 (FIG. 6) of clientcomputer device 102, either directly or through a plug-in such asplug-ins 622A-C. Device profile logic 524 (FIG. 5) is a part of webapplication logic 522 that creates a profile of client computers in themanner described above.

Client computer device 102 is a personal computing device and is shownin greater detail in FIG. 6. Client computer device 102 includes one ormore microprocessors 602 (collectively referred to as CPU 602) thatretrieve data and/or instructions from memory 604 and execute retrievedinstructions in a conventional manner. Memory 604 can include generallyany computer-readable medium including, for example, persistent memorysuch as magnetic and/or optical disks, ROM, and PROM and volatile memorysuch as RAM.

CPU 602 and memory 604 are connected to one another through aconventional interconnect 606, which is a bus in this illustrativeembodiment and which connects CPU 602 and memory 604 to one or moreinput devices 608, output devices 610, and network access circuitry 612.Input devices 608 can include, for example, a keyboard, a keypad, atouch-sensitive screen, a mouse, a microphone, and one or more cameras.Output devices 610 can include, for example, a display—such as a liquidcrystal display (LCD)—and one or more loudspeakers. Network accesscircuitry 612 sends and receives data through computer networks such aswide area network 104 (FIG. 1).

A number of components of client computer device 102 are stored inmemory 604. In particular, web browser 620 is all or part of one or morecomputer processes executing within CPU 602 from memory 604 in thisillustrative embodiment but can also be implemented using digital logiccircuitry. As used herein, “logic” refers to (i) logic implemented ascomputer instructions and/or data within one or more computer processesand/or (ii) logic implemented in electronic circuitry. Web browserplug-ins 622A-C are each all or part of one or more computer processesthat cooperate with web browser 620 to augment the behavior of webbrowser 620. The manner in which behavior of a web browser is augmentedby web browser plug-ins is conventional and known and is not describedherein.

It should be understood that in a different embodiment the job applicantprovides evidence of the usage history and performance capabilityprofile, including network activities and the hardware and software, ofhis work computer and/or home computer not through a wide area networkbut by providing a physical record, including a copy of the jobapplicant's computer drives. In yet another embodiment, the jobapplicant provides evidence of the usage history and performancecapability profile of his work computer and/or home computer via humanresources software other than a browser plug-in which the applicantdownloads from the human resources department or installs on the clientcomputer device 102 from physical storage media.

And, in another embodiment a profile of the user's computer device iscompared not to a desirable profile but to an undesirable profile,including that of a person known to exhibit antisocial, unethical orcriminal characteristics.

The above description is illustrative only and is not limiting. Thepresent invention is defined solely by the claims which follow and theirfull range of equivalents. It is intended that the following appendedclaims be interpreted as including all such alterations, modifications,permutations, and substitute equivalents as fall within the true spiritand scope of the present invention.

1. A method for determining the similarity of a test person to areference person, the method comprising: receiving an accumulation ofsingle reversible hashes that represent multiple items of systeminformation pertaining to a test computer device that has been used bythe test person, wherein each single reversible hash includes multiplereversible hashes of data elements representing characteristics of thetest computer device, each characteristics selected from a groupconsisting essentially of: a hardware component, a hardwareconfiguration, a software component, a software configuration, and ausage of the test computer device; parsing each single reversible hashinto its constituent multiple reversible hashes; parsing the constituentmultiple reversible hashes; initializing a correlation scorerepresenting a measure of correlation between the test computer deviceand a reference computer device associated with the reference person;identifying, for each of the constituent multiple reversible hashes, oneor more corresponding items of system information of the referencecomputer device, wherein the corresponding items each correspond to atleast one of the data elements representing characteristics of the testcomputer device; for each of the corresponding items: comparing thecorresponding item to the at least one of the data element to determinea degree of similarity between the corresponding item and the at leastone data element; and adjusting a correlation score according to thedegree of similarity; and determining a measure of similarity betweenthe test person and the reference person according to the adjustedcorrelation score.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein identifyingcomprises: determining that each of one or more predetermined deviceprofile correlation rules applies to both (i) at least one of the dataelements representing characteristics of the test computer device and(ii) at least one of the items of system information of a referencecomputer device.
 3. The method of claim 2 wherein each of one or morepredetermined device profile correlation rules specifies the degree ofsimilarity between data elements and items of system information towhich the predetermined device profile correlation rule applies.
 4. Themethod of claim 2 wherein each of the one or more predetermined deviceprofile correlation rules defines one or more data elements to which thepredetermined device profile correlation rule applies by specifying atype of data element, a test value of a data element, and a testoperation for comparison of the test value.
 5. A computer systemcomprising: at least one processor; a computer readable medium that isoperatively coupled to the processor; network access circuitry that isoperatively coupled to the processor; and comparison logic (i) thatexecutes at least in part in the processor from the computer readablemedium and (ii) that, when executed, causes the computer system todetermine the similarity of a test person to a reference person by atleast: sending logic to a test computer device that, when executed bythe test computer device, generates one or more data elementsrepresenting characteristics of the test computer device; receivingsystem information pertaining to the test computer device that has beenused by the test person, wherein the system information includes the oneor more data elements representing characteristics of the test computerdevice selected from a group consisting essentially of: a hardwarecomponent, a hardware configuration, a software component, a softwareconfiguration, and a usage of the test computer device; identifying oneor more corresponding items of system information of a referencecomputer device used by the reference person, wherein the correspondingitems each correspond to at least one of the data elements representingcharacteristics of the test computer device; for each of thecorresponding items: comparing the corresponding item to the at leastone data element to determine a degree of similarity between thecorresponding item and the at least one data element; and adjusting acorrelation score according to the degree of similarity; and determininga measure of similarity between the test person and the reference personaccording to the adjusted correlation score.